Study Guide & Educational Overview
* **The Revolutionary Spark (1789)**: Meeting of the Estates-General, Tennis Court Oath creating the National Assembly, and the Storming of the Bastille on July 14, 1789.
* **The Radical Republic & Terror (1792–1794)**: Execution of Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette; Maximilien Robespierre and the Committee of Public Safety orchestrating the guillotine Terror until 9 Thermidor.
* **The Napoleonic Empire (1799–1814)**: Coup of 18 Brumaire, self-coronation at Notre-Dame, introduction of the Napoleonic Code, and tactical mastery at Austerlitz (1805).
* **Downfall & Waterloo (1812–1815)**: Disastrous 1812 Russian campaign retreat, exile to Elba, the Hundred Days return, and final defeat at Waterloo against Wellington and Blücher.
Frequently Asked Questions
Promulgated in 1804, it established uniform civil laws across France, ending feudal privileges, recognizing religious freedom, and inspiring civil legal systems worldwide.
Napoleon spent his final six years on the remote British South Atlantic island of Saint Helena, dying in 1821.